Galvanic current is best described as:

• A. A direct current used in electrotherapy
• B. An alternating current used for muscle stimulation
• C. A microcurrent used for skin treatment
• D. A high-frequency energy current

Answer: (A)

Galvanic current is a direct current, meaning the electricity flows in one direction without reversing. In electrotherapy, this constant flow is used to create chemical changes at the skin and to drive charged ions into the skin (iontophoresis) or to help break down sebum in pores (desincrustation). It’s not alternating current, which reverses direction and is used for muscle stimulation; it’s not microcurrent, which uses much smaller currents for delicate tissue effects; and it’s not a high‑frequency energy current, which operates at high frequencies for different outcomes. The defining feature is the steady, unidirectional flow of electrons that characterizes direct current.